Gratuitous Language UseI do have a problem with that. Swearing. I always have done, but it seems to have gotten worse since I've lived in the UK. Scottish, Irish, and British folk tend to take cursing to a whole new level. It's almost an art form over there, and much less puritanically frowned upon than it is here. There, the word "cunt" is almost as common and as versatile as our usage of "fuck" - it's used as a noun, an adverb, an adjective...some of the more creative cursers in the UK can even transform it into a verb.
Words have power, and this is true everywhere. Language is the means by which we, as subjects, enter into the community, into culture itself. Seemingly in the post-politically correct world of the US, words have a great deal of power to either harm or offend, and people are mysteriously picky about which does what and why. In some sense, of course it's true that these are only words, and in some sense, they therefore only have the power to hurt if you let them. Politically correct speech and censorship in many instances does more harm than good, and focusing on the harmful nature of swear words in particular seems to have become a ridiculous and scapegoated preoccupation in our culture.
On television, sensoring out the word "fuck" while showing visual scenes of rape and murder is incredibly common and incredibly absurd. Allowing your five year old to hear a curse word - and one which he or she would have no understanding of anyway - seems much less damaging than allowing them to view a vivid scene of violence, the imagery of which will stick with them much more than a curse word.
That said, in many instances words do have as much potential - if not more - to do harm.
Since my arrival in St. Louis at the beginning of August, I have heard the word "nigger" more times than I can count, and not from the mouths of the black residents of the city. There is a racism that pervades the Gateway to the West, and it's a racism that exists on all sides and from all races. People who would hesitate to use the word "cunt" for fear of offending, let the word "nigger" drip from their lips without a second thought.
Beyond racism, there is simply a pervasive language of hatred here that I have seldom experienced in other parts of the world. Yes, of course, you can find nationalism, racism, prejudice practically wherever you may travel within human civilisation. But the vehemence and frequency and thoughtlessness with which words like "nigger" and "queer" and "faggot" and "slut" are thrown around here...it's alarming. And there is a bitterness toward the idea of NOT using those words, of not being ABLE or PERMITTED to use those words, that is quite striking. If black people can call each other "nigger," why can't white people use the word? If gays can call each other "queer" and "dyke" and "fag," why is it not so acceptable for heterosexual folks to do the same? It is the same with gendered words like "bitch" and "cunt" - why is it okay for some women to call each other these words, but not okay for other women to use them? Or for men? And why should words like "slut" and "bimbo" be completely off limits for EVERYONE? It's just not fair. They're all just WORDS, after all. What's the big fucking deal?
But of course, they're not just words. Language defines our culture; words have power and words contain an infinite history of implied meanings and inuendos. The history of violence implicit in words like "nigger" and "cunt" and "fag" make the uttering of them much more complicated than words like "black," "woman," and "gay" (although these words, of course, have their own impacted history). When a white person uses the term "nigger," the violent history of the word is immediately brought to the fore. Cannot help but be brought to the fore. The violence is cited, reiterated, and in a small echoing way, repeated.
When a black person says the word "nigger," that same history of violence is summoned, but in a newly contextualised way, as it is being uttered by one against whom the word had previously performed that historicised violence. The power of the word is being reappropriated and redefined by the object of its original attack; by reclaiming the word, by redefining it and embracing it and turning it into a positive form of address or identification within the once attacked community, the word loses some of its power for violence and potential to do harm.
Words like "slut" and "bimbo," "skank" and "ho" should never be used. By anyone.
Reappropriated words, like "nigger" and "bitch" and "fag," aim to embrace the traits of the words that are supposedly negative. The most defining so-called negative trait behind the violence of "nigger" is simply racial - the object is black, he or she is a "nigger." As being black is not a negative thing, why should black people not embrace such a term? Similarly the term "fag" describes a homosexual male; as being a gay male is not actually a negative thing, the word can therefore be embraced by the gay male community as nothing negative at all.
Words like "bitch" and "cunt" are somewhat more complex, but they too are being reappropriated by a more enlightened, progressive female community. The character traits associated with the term "bitch" extend beyond the gendered identity of female; a "bitch" is a strong, opinionated, sometimes pushy, never-takes-shit-from-anyone sort of gal. These traits are seen as negative by the haters in the misogynist community, but for women, being called a "bitch" should be considered a compliment.
"Cunt" is even more interesting. For centuries women have essentially been defined by and as their vaginas. Additionally, the vagina was no good thing. It was a scary, indefinable mystery. In medieval times and earlier, "science" understood female genitalia as simply the inverse of the male's; her body simply could not generate enough heat to push the sexual organs out of the body. Aristotle believed a woman was simply a malformed man, a deformed creation of whom Nature herself was ashamed. All she was really good for was sex and reproduction. Her mysterious vagina defined her and ruled her, and the word "cunt" as a synonym for female sexual organs can be traced back to at least the fourteenth century, although it was not used in a singularly negative sense until much later, and the implication behind being called a "cunt" is that the vagina should be associated with shame. Some in the progressive world of female enlightenment don't think the vagina is anything to be ashamed of (imagine that) and are trying to reclaim the word as a term of pride, or at the very least, not a term we should be afraid to say.
And how does this fit in with my Irish friend describing his attempts at "trying to finish writing this cunting dissertation chapter" and my problems drinking my "big bitch coffee before it gets cold"? Are these words directly inflamatory toward women? Or have them been overused to the point that they have become generic?
Some words, like "nigger" and "fag" lose their power when they are reclaimed by the community against whom they originally did violence. Other words are more ambiguous. Do they get their power because of who uses them and in what manner, or do they get their power because we draw attention to them? Should women reclaim words like "bitch" and "cunt" and keep them wholly within the female community? As in only we can say or use them? Or is it more useful to keep them as versatile swear words until they essentially lose the original violence of their meaning and become generic (but, again, useful) profanities?
I don't know. It's a blurry and finely drawn, easily crossed and confused line.